What's actually going on?
"Knee pain" covers many specific things. The most common diagnoses we treat:
- Patellofemoral pain syndrome (runner's knee) — pain around the kneecap, worse with stairs, squats, prolonged sitting.
- IT band syndrome — lateral knee pain in runners and cyclists.
- Patellar tendinopathy (jumper's knee) — pain at the lower edge of the kneecap.
- Meniscus injury — both degenerative (in adults) and traumatic (in athletes).
- ACL sprain or post-reconstruction recovery.
- MCL/LCL sprain — common in field sports.
- Knee osteoarthritis — in older adults.
Who gets it?
- Runners — patellofemoral pain, ITB syndrome, patellar tendinopathy.
- Soccer, hockey, basketball players — ACL, MCL, meniscus injuries.
- Older adults — knee osteoarthritis, meniscus degeneration.
- Children and youth athletes — Osgood-Schlatter and related apophysitis around growth plates.
- Post-surgical patients — ACL reconstruction, meniscectomy, total knee replacement.
What the evidence says
- For patellofemoral pain, the JOSPT 2019 CPG (Collins et al.) is clear: hip + knee strengthening beats knee-only work.
- For knee OA, OARSI guidelines (Bannuru et al., 2019) place exercise and weight management as core, first-line care.
- For degenerative meniscus tears, the Kise BMJ trial and ESCAPE trial showed exercise is non-inferior to partial meniscectomy at 2 years.
- For ACL return-to-sport, criteria-based testing (Grindem, BJSM 2016) cuts re-injury risk by 84%.
The plan
- Thorough assessment — identify the specific diagnosis, screen for red flags.
- Movement assessment of the whole leg — hip control, foot mechanics, knee tracking.
- Manual therapy where helpful — tissue work, joint mobilization.
- Progressive loading specific to your diagnosis (heavy slow resistance for tendinopathy, hip-focused work for PFPS, etc.).
- Return-to-sport criteria where applicable.
When to seek emergency care
Some symptoms need urgent medical attention — not a chiropractic visit. Call 911 or go to the nearest emergency department for: progressive limb weakness, loss of bowel or bladder control, saddle anesthesia (numbness in the groin/inner thighs), severe unrelenting pain unrelieved by position, signs of fracture after significant trauma, chest pain, stroke-like symptoms (face drooping, arm weakness, speech changes), or any rapidly worsening or unusual symptom.
Bottom line
Most knee pain responds well to assessment-driven rehab. The path back depends on your specific diagnosis — but the principle is consistent: address the whole leg, load progressively, return based on criteria.